ABSTRACT Objective: To report nine cases of pediatric patients with Acute Lymphoid Leukemia (ALL) or Acute Myeloid Leukemia who developed severe oral mucositis (SOM) at the first week of chemotherapy. Material and Methods: The cases were selected from a sample of 105 children followed for 10 consecutive weeks. Hematological and personal data were obtained from the patient's medical records. The oral cavity was examined weekly using the modified Oral Assessment Guide. Results: More of the patients were male (55.6%), had black/brown skin (55.6%), with ALL (66.7%), and the mean age was 5.55. Two patients had values below normal for leukocytes, platelets, and creatinine over the follow-up. However, all patients showed changes in the normality of hematological data in most weeks. The most used chemotherapeutic agents were aracytin, etoposide, and methotrexate, known for their high stomatotoxic potential. Patients had 2 to 6 (mean of 4) episodes of SOM and 4 to 7 (mean of 5.5) episodes of OM. One patient at week 7, one patient at week 5, and one patient at weeks 2 and 10 did not have OM. Saliva (84 times) and lips (44 times) were the most affected items. Conclusion: The patients showed oscillations in the severity of oral mucositis and hematological parameters over the follow-up. All patients were exposed to stomatotoxic drugs during the initial phase of cancer treatment.

Abstract Oral mucositis (OM) is a painful inflammatory oral condition that affects children who undergo chemotherapy. Oxidative stress is a known OM mediator and pro-inflammatory cytokines contribute to the amplification of the immune response. Objective: To investigate the possible associations of rs4880 (superoxide dismutase 2, SOD2 47 C/T), rs7943316 (catalase, CAT −21 A/T), rs1800629 (tumor necrosis factor α, TNF- α −308 G/A), and rs1800795 (interleukin 6, IL-6 −174 G/C) polymorphisms with chemo-induced OM occurrence and severity in oncopediatric patients. Methodology: We conducted a single-center, observational cross-sectional study with sample collection of oral epithelial cells from 95 children and adolescents with hematological cancers who underwent chemotherapy, followed by genomic DNA extraction. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were assessed with PCR-RFLP (Polymerase Chain Reaction-Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism). Demographic data and information concerning OM occurrence were obtained from dental charts of the multidisciplinary oral care team. Information on OM severity was obtained from appropriately-filled Oral Assessment Guide records. Descriptive and inferential statistics were conducted with Student's T test, chi-squared test, and Fisher's exact test, with p≤0.05. Results: The mean age was 10 years-old and most patients were male individuals (57.89%). Female sex was considered a protective factor for OM occurrence (OR=4.83; CI=[1.14; 16.57]). The AA genotype for CAT was the most frequent amongst individuals with severe OM (p=0.04). The GA genotype for TNF- α was the most frequent amongst individuals without severe OM (p=0.03). For SOD2 and IL-6 , the most frequent genotypes were CT and GG respectively for all groups (p>0.05). Conclusion: The AA genotype for CAT −21 A/T was a tendency among the group with severe OM. Data on TNF- α −308 G/A were inconclusive. No associations were detected for SOD2 47 C/T and IL-6 −174 G/C polymorphisms in oncopediatric patients with chemo-induced oral mucositis.

Abstract Objective: To describe the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on dental care provided to pediatric cancer patients assisted in a referral hospital. Material and Methods: This is an observational, retrospective study based on secondary data extracted from worksheets of dental procedures for patients aged between 0 and 19 years assisted in the pediatric oncology sector of a hospital in João Pessoa, PB, Brazil. Dental procedures performed by the interdisciplinary team of researchers from August 2018 to February 2020 (19 months prior to the pandemic) and from April 2020 to October 2021 (19 months during the pandemic) were totaled and compared. A descriptive analysis of the data was performed. Results: There was a reduction of 80.2% in dental interventions implemented in the sector during the pandemic, with the number of procedures decreasing from 6,210 (the period before the pandemic) to 1,229 (during the pandemic). Most procedures in both periods were performed for patients assisted in beds, for whom there was a reduction of care provided for 81.2% from 5,275 to 994 procedures. Dental procedures in the outpatient clinic decreased by 74.9%, from 935 to 235. Conclusion: The COVID-19 pandemic negatively impacted dental care provided to pediatric oncology patients by restricting dental procedures to emergency demands, compromising performance prevention and health promotion actions.

Resumo O presente estudo investigou a relação entre cinco polimorfismos genéticos e o desenvolvimento de mucosite oral em pacientes pediátricos recebendo quimioterapia com metrotexato. O estudo longitudinal foi conduzido com 64 pacientes e a mucosite oral avaliada pelo Oral Assessment Guide modificado, que tem como objetivo diagnosticar e classificar a mucosite oral. Células epiteliais bucais foram obtidas por bochecho e o DNA foi extraído. Os polimorfismos MTHFR (rs1801133), DNMT3B (rs2424913), ABCC2 (rs717620), ABCG2 (rs2231137) e ABCG2 (rs2231142), foram analisados pela técnica de PCR-RFLP. Dados demográficos, hematológicos e bioquímicos foram coletados a partir de registros médicos. Análise estatística foi realizada utilizando o software SPSS adotando um valor de p=0,05. Observou-se que, o sexo masculino foi predominante (56,2%), e a idade média foi de 10,8 anos (± 4.9). A mucosite oral acometeu 65,6% dos pacientes, dos quais, 61,9% desenvolveram a forma grave da doença. Para o gene ABCG2 (rs2231142), o alelo raro A e o genótipo CA foram mais frequentes em indivíduos com mucosite (p= 0.02; RR = 0.60; CI = 0.387 - 0.813). A gravidade da doença foi observada principalmente em pacientes mais jovens (mediana = 9 anos; p=0.02). Além disso, os pacientes com mucosite oral grave apresentaram menor contagem de leucócitos (mediana = 2150 mm3) em comparação aos pacientes com a forma leve/moderada (mediana = 4200 mm3; p=0.03). Pacientes do sexo feminino e aumento a cada 10.000 plaquetas foram fatores de proteção contra o aparecimento de mucosite oral (p=0.02). Concluiu-se que a presença do polimorfismo rs2231142 aumenta o risco de o paciente desenvolver a mucosite oral, bem como pacientes mais jovens e menor contagem de leucócitos contribui com a severidade.

Abstract The study investigated the relationship between genetic polymorphisms and the development of oral mucositis in pediatric patients undergoing chemotherapy involving methotrexate. A longitudinal study was conducted with 64 patients, and oral mucositis was evaluated by the modified Oral Assessment Guide, which aims to diagnose and classify oral mucositis. Epithelial cells were obtained by mouthwash and DNA was extracted. The polymorphisms MTHFR (rs1801133), DNMT3B (rs2424913), ABCC2 (rs717620), ABCG2 (rs2231137) and ABCG2 (rs2231142) were analyzed by PCR-RFLP method. Demographic, hematological and biochemical data were collected from medical records. Statistical analysis was performed using the SPSS software adopting a p-value of 0.05. Male sex predominated (56.2%), and the mean age was 10.8 years (± 4.9). Oral mucositis affected 65.6% of the patients, of which 61.9% developed the severe form of the disease. For the ABCG2 gene (rs2231142), the rare A allele and CA genotype were more frequent in individuals with mucositis (p= 0.02; RR = 0.60; CI = 0.387 - 0.813). The severity of the disease was mainly observed in younger patients (median = 9 years; p=0.02). Patients with severe oral mucositis presented lower leukocytes count (median = 2.150 mm3) compared to patients with the mild/moderate form (median = 4.200 mm3; p=0.03). Female patients and each 10,000-platelet increase were protective factors against the onset of oral mucositis (p=0.02). It is concluded that rs2231142 polymorphism increases the likelihood of oral mucositis and younger patients and patients with low leukocytes counts are more likely to develop severe form.

Abstract Objective: To analyze the distribution of childhood cancer in Brazil and the time between the diagnosis and the start of treatment, according to hospital-based cancer registries (2010-2016). Material and Methods: This was an observational descriptive study using secondary data (36,187 records) from hospital databases of the National Cancer Institute (INCA) and the Onco-center Foundation of São Paulo (FOSP). Epidemiological data were obtained, and compliance with Federal Law 12,732/12 was verified, which establishes a maximum period of 60 days to start cancer therapy after the diagnosis. Absolute and percent frequencies, central tendency and dispersion measures, and the coefficient of prevalence of childhood cancer were calculated. Results: The mean age of the pediatric patients was 9.3 years (± 6.2); 54.1% (n=19,586) of them were males; 32.0% (n=11,440) were aged 0 to 4 years; and 43.4% (n=11,338) had a self-reported mixed-race skin color. The Southeast region of Brazil accounted for 40.2% (n=14,564) of the cases, of which 63.0% (n=9,178) corresponded to solid neoplasms, as opposed to the North region, where hematological neoplasms prevailed (53.9%, n=1,535). Most registered patients aged 0 to 19 years were treated in 60 days or less (77%, n=27,929). However, for 24.0% (n = 2,207) of adolescents (15 to 19 years) this time was more than 60 days after the diagnosis. Conclusion: The characteristics related to childhood cancer varied across the Brazilian geographic regions, and most patients were properly treated within the time enforced by law.

ABSTRACT Objective: To characterize the access to primary dental care and the work process of Oral Health Teams (OHTs), nationwide and by geographic region, based on data from the 3rd phase of the PMAQ-AB (the Program for Improving Access and Quality of Primary Care). Material and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study using data from the external assessments of the PMAQ-AB regarding the variables access to dental care and the work process of OHTs. The data were analyzed descriptively. Results: A significant number of healthcare users (41.2%) reported an average waiting time of 10 days to schedule dental appointments at the primary care facility (PCF). In the Northeast region, a greater number of users (48.4%) had access to dental care, with a waiting time of 7 days, whereas a smaller number of users in the Southeast region could schedule an appointment with the dentist (33.9%) and experienced a longer waiting time (17 days). Most OHTs worked in Primary Care Teams (PCTs) (85.1%), received support from Specialized Dental Care Centers (70.9%), worked with scheduled appointments and/or spontaneous demands (98.0%), listened to the users’ complaints during user embracement sessions (99.0%), and scheduled the first appointment at the dental office (51.9%). Conclusion: In Brazil, 41.2% of the healthcare users had access to dental care and experienced a waiting time ranging from 7 to 17 days, depending on the geographic region. While the OHTs developed primary oral care actions, further initiatives to ensure the expansion of access to dental care are needed.

Resumo Avaliou-se o efeito dos vernizes CPP-ACP/NaF e xilitol/NaF na redução da erosão e progressão da erosão. Quarenta blocos de esmalte foram divididos em quatro grupos (n=10): G1=verniz CPP-ACP/NaF (verniz MITM); G2=verniz xilitol/NaF (Profluorid®); G3=verniz NaF (Duraphat®, controle positivo) e G4=água desionizada (MilliQ®, controle negativo). As amostras foram imersas em refrigerante Sprite ZeroTM (pH 2.58, 4x/dia, 3 dias), entre imersões, os espécimes ficaram em saliva artificial. Após 3 dias de erosão, a área erodida foi dividida em duas (metade recebeu uma camada adicional de verniz, enquanto a outra metade repetiu o mesmo ciclo de erosão de 3 dias). A técnica de perfilometria 3D de não contato foi utilizada para determinar a perda de estrutura dentária (PED) e rugosidade superficial (RS). Microscopia eletrônica de varredura (MEV) e imagens em 3D foram utilizadas para avaliar a topografia das amostras. Testes de Mann-Whitney, One-way ANOVA e Tukey foram utilizados (nível de significância de 0,05%). Imagens do MEV e 3D foram avaliadas descritivamente. Após 3 ou 6 dias de erosão, todos os vernizes testados foram melhores que G4 (p<0,05) para PED e RS. Além disso, o G1 apresentou menores valores de PED do que o G3 (p<0,05) após 3 dias de erosão. Observando as imagens em MEV e 3D, todos os grupos apresentaram porosidade, irregularidades e depressões no esmalte superficial após 3 e 6 dias de erosão, sendo mais pronunciados no G4. Uma aplicação tópica de vernizes fluoretados foi eficaz na redução da rugosidade e PED do esmalte após desafios de erosão. Além disso, o grupo CPP-ACP/NaF teve melhor desempenho na redução da PED quando comparado ao verniz de NaF e a água, após 3 dias de erosão.

Abstract Evaluated the effect of CPP-ACP/NaF and xylitol/NaF varnishes in reduce erosion and progression of erosion. Forty enamel blocks were divided into four groups (n=10): G1=CPP-ACP/NaF varnish (MI varnishTM); G2=xylitol/NaF varnish (Profluorid®); G3=NaF varnish (Duraphat®, positive control) and G4=deionized water (MilliQ®, negative control). Samples were immersed in Sprite ZeroTM (pH 2.58, 4x/day, 3 days), in between immersions, the specimens stayed in artificial saliva. After 3 days of erosion, the eroded area was divided in two (half of one received an additional varnish layer while the other half repeated the same 3-day erosion cycle). The 3D, non-contact profilometry technique was used to determinate tooth structure loss (TSL) and surface roughness (SR). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and 3D images were utilized to evaluate the topography of the samples. Mann-Whitney, one-way ANOVA and Tukey tests were used (significance level of 0.05%). SEM and 3D images were descriptively evaluated. After 3 or 6 days of erosion, all tested varnishes were better than G4 (p<0.05) for TSL and SR. In addition, G1 had lower values for TSL than G3 (p<0.05) after 3 days of erosion. Under SEM and 3D images observation, all groups presented porosity, irregularities and depressions on the surface enamel after 3 and 6 days of erosion, more pronounced in G4. An application of topical NaF varnishes was effective in reducing TSL and enamel roughness after erosion challenges, being the CCP-ACP/NaF varnish more effective than NaF varnish and water after 3 days of erosion.

RESUMO Objetivou-se identificar os fatores associados à satisfação dos usuários com a oferta de cuidado em saúde bucal na Paraíba a partir de dados do 2º ciclo de avaliação externa do Programa Nacional de Melhoria do Acesso e da Qualidade da Atenção Básica (PMAQ-AB). As respostas dos usuários que passaram por consulta odontológica com a Equipe de Saúde Bucal (ESB) e possuíam dados completos foram analisadas por meio de regressão logística. Em relação à variável dependente ‘Satisfação do usuário’, 87% dos usuários (n=2.047), afirmaram estar satisfeitos com o cuidado que recebem da ESB. A insatisfação foi influenciada pelo fato de o usuário nunca ou quase nunca ser orientado sobre os cuidados com a sua saúde bucal (OR=4,27); o tempo da consulta ser insuficiente (OR=3,38); os profissionais não fazerem anotações no prontuário ou ficha (OR=1,97); a ESB não atender no turno da tarde (OR=1,66); o horário do atendimento odontológico não satisfazer às necessidades dos usuários (OR=2,86); e a ESB não procurar o usuário quando este interrompe o tratamento ou não comparece à consulta odontológica para saber o que aconteceu e retomar o atendimento (OR=1,59). Conclui-se ser expressivo o percentual de usuários satisfeitos com a atenção em saúde bucal na Paraíba, estando os fatores que influenciam a satisfação relacionados principalmente ao atendimento das necessidades dos usuários e ao processo de trabalho da ESB.

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to identify the factors associated with the user’s satisfaction about the provision of oral health care in the State of Paraíba. The research based on data regarding the 2nd cycle of the external evaluation of the National Program for Improving Access and Quality in Primary Care (PMAQ-AB). The responses of users who underwent dental consultations with the Oral Health Team (OHT) and of whom the service had a full record were analyzed using logistic regression. Regarding the dependent variable ‘User satisfaction’, 87% of the users (n=2,047) stated that they were satisfied with the care they receive from the OHT. Dissatisfaction was influenced by the fact that user was never or almost never guided about his/her oral health care (OR=4.27); insufficient consultation time (OR=3.38); professionals do not register the user condition in his/her medical record (OR=1.97); OHT does not operate in the afternoons (OR=1.66); dental care schedule does not meet the user needs (OR=2.86); OHT does not search for the user when either he/she interrupts the treatment or does not attend a dental appointment so to follow up and resume the service (OR=1.59). Therefore, the percentage of users satisfied with the oral health care in Paraíba is significant, being the factors that influence user satisfaction mainly associated with meeting users’ needs and work process organization.

RESUMO Objetivou-se identificar os fatores associados à satisfação dos usuários com a oferta de cuidado em saúde bucal na Paraíba a partir de dados do 2º ciclo de avaliação externa do Programa Nacional de Melhoria do Acesso e da Qualidade da Atenção Básica (PMAQ-AB). As respostas dos usuários que passaram por consulta odontológica com a Equipe de Saúde Bucal (ESB) e possuíam dados completos foram analisadas por meio de regressão logística. Em relação à variável dependente ‘Satisfação do usuário’, 87% dos usuários (n=2.047), afirmaram estar satisfeitos com o cuidado que recebem da ESB. A insatisfação foi influenciada pelo fato de o usuário nunca ou quase nunca ser orientado sobre os cuidados com a sua saúde bucal (OR=4,27); o tempo da consulta ser insuficiente (OR=3,38); os profissionais não fazerem anotações no prontuário ou ficha (OR=1,97); a ESB não atender no turno da tarde (OR=1,66); o horário do atendimento odontológico não satisfazer às necessidades dos usuários (OR=2,86); e a ESB não procurar o usuário quando este interrompe o tratamento ou não comparece à consulta odontológica para saber o que aconteceu e retomar o atendimento (OR=1,59). Conclui-se ser expressivo o percentual de usuários satisfeitos com a atenção em saúde bucal na Paraíba, estando os fatores que influenciam a satisfação relacionados principalmente ao atendimento das necessidades dos usuários e ao processo de trabalho da ESB.

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to identify the factors associated with the user’s satisfaction about the provision of oral health care in the State of Paraíba. The research based on data regarding the 2nd cycle of the external evaluation of the National Program for Improving Access and Quality in Primary Care (PMAQ-AB). The responses of users who underwent dental consultations with the Oral Health Team (OHT) and of whom the service had a full record were analyzed using logistic regression. Regarding the dependent variable ‘User satisfaction’, 87% of the users (n=2,047) stated that they were satisfied with the care they receive from the OHT. Dissatisfaction was influenced by the fact that user was never or almost never guided about his/her oral health care (OR=4.27); insufficient consultation time (OR=3.38); professionals do not register the user condition in his/her medical record (OR=1.97); OHT does not operate in the afternoons (OR=1.66); dental care schedule does not meet the user needs (OR=2.86); OHT does not search for the user when either he/she interrupts the treatment or does not attend a dental appointment so to follow up and resume the service (OR=1.59). Therefore, the percentage of users satisfied with the oral health care in Paraíba is significant, being the factors that influence user satisfaction mainly associated with meeting users’ needs and work process organization.

Resumo Este estudo objetivou avaliar os fatores associados com a ocorrência de mucosite oral grave (SOM) em pacientes pediátricos oncológicos durante o tratamento quimioterápico. Trata-se de um estudo de caso-controle aninhado a uma coorte prospectiva que monitorou 105 pacientes por 10 semanas consecutivas após o início do tratamento quimioterápico. Regressão logística foi utilizada para identificar os fatores associados com a MOG, por grupo de malignidade (tumores hematológicos ou sólidos) (Sig.=5%). Para pacientes com tumores hematológicos foram encontrados fatores associados com a MOG em duas semanas de tratamento: na 6ª semana (aumento na frequência de doses de quimioterapia (OR=3,02)) e na 7ª semana (sexo feminino (OR=21,28); e aumento na frequência de doses de quimioterapia (OR=2,51)); e para pacientes com tumores sólidos foram encontrados fatores associados com MOG em cinco semanas de tratamento: na 1ª semana (sexo feminino (OR=14,43), aumento na idade (OR=1,24)); na 2ª semana (Miscelânea (OR=6,39)); na 5ª semana (Antimetabólitos (OR=17,44); Miscelânea (OR=45,42); e redução de plaquetas (OR=1,12)); na 6ª semana (aumento na creatinina (OR=1,63)); e na 7ª semana (aumento na creatinina (OR=2,39)). Para pacientes com tumores hematológicos, ser do sexo feminino e o aumento na frequência de doses de quimioterapia aumentou o risco para MOG; e, para pacientes com tumors sólidos, ser do sexo feminino, o aumento na idade e nos níveis de concentração sanguínea de creatinina, a redução no número de plaquetas e o uso de quimioterapia com agentes das classes Miscelânea e Antimetabólitos estiveram associados com o aumento no risco para a ocorrência de MOG.

Abstract This study aimed to evaluate the factors associated with the occurrence of severe oral mucositis (SOM) in pediatric oncology patients during the chemotherapeutic treatment. This is a nested case-control to a prospective cohort that monitored 105 patients for 10 consecutive weeks after the beginning of the chemotherapy treatment. Logistic regression was used to identify the factors associated with SOM, by group of malignancy (hematologic or solid tumors) (Sig.=5%). To patients with hematologic tumors were found factors associated with SOM in two weeks of treatment: in the 6th week (increase in frequency of chemotherapy doses (OR=3.02)) and in the 7th week (female sex (OR=21.28); and increase in frequency of chemotherapy doses (OR=2.51)); and to patients with solid tumors were found factors associated with SOM in five weeks of treatment: in the 1st week (female sex (OR=14.43); age increase (OR=1.24)); in the 2nd week (Miscellany (OR=6.39)); in the 5th week (Antimetabolites (OR=17.44); Miscellany (OR=45.42); and platelets reduction (OR=1.12)); in the 6th week (creatinine increase (OR=1.63)); and in the 7th week (creatinine increase (OR=2.39)). For patients with hematologic tumors, to be female, and the increase in the frequency of chemotherapy doses increased the risk for SOM and for patients with solid tumors, to be female, the increase in age and in level blood concentration of creatinine, the reduction in number of platelets and the use of chemotherapy with miscellany and antimetabolites agents were associated with an increase in risk for occurrence of SOM.

Abstract Objective: To determine the occurrence and severity of oral mucositis (OM) and the factors associated with the onset of severe oral mucositis (SOM) in pediatric cancer patients. Material and Methods: This was a longitudinal and prospective study with 85 children and adolescents (aged 0 to 19 years) admitted to the Pediatric Oncology Sector of Napoleão Laureano Hospital between November 2016 and July 2019. The patients’ sociodemographic and epidemiological information, as well as hematological and biochemical parameters, were obtained from their medical charts. The oral mucosa of study participants was assessed through the modified Oral Assessment Guide (OAG) at baseline and after the 2nd, 5th and 10th week of antineoplastic treatment. Data were analyzed by Chi-square test to determine the factors associated with the occurrence of SOM (p<0.05). Results: The occurrence of OM was more frequent in the 2nd (60%), 5th (40.9%) and 10th week (43.2%) of antineoplastic treatment. During the follow-up period, SOM was more frequent in the 5th week (34.7%), followed by the 2nd (32.3%) and 10th weeks (29.7%). There was no association between the occurrence of SOM and the patient's age, type of tumor, chemotherapy regimen, and hematological and biochemical parameters. Conclusion: The occurrence of oral mucositis in pediatric cancer patients was significant, especially in the 2nd week of antineoplastic treatment. Severe oral mucositis was more prevalent in the 5th week of treatment and was not associated with any of the study variables.

Abstract Objective: This study sought to identify the differences between the oral changes presented by patients with solid and hematologic tumors during chemotherapeutic treatment. Methodology: This is an observational, prospective and quantitative study using direct documentation by follow-up of 105 patients from 0 to 18 years using the modified Oral Assessment Guide (OAG). Of the 105 patients analyzed, 57 (54.3%) were boys with 7.3 years (±5.2) mean age. Hematologic neoplasms accounted for 51.4% of all cases. Results: Voice, lips, tongue, and saliva changes were not significantly different (p>0.05) between patients with solid or hematologic tumors and during the follow-up. From the 6th until the 10th week of chemotherapeutic treatment alterations in swallowing function, in the mucous membrane (buccal mucosa and palate), in the labial mucosa, and in the gingiva occurred and were distributed differently between the two tumors groups (p<0.05). The main alterations were observed in patients with hematologic tumors. Conclusion: It was concluded that the oral changes during the chemotherapeutic treatment occurred especially in swallowing function, in the mucous membrane, in the labial mucosa and in the gingiva, and these alterations were found mainly in patients with hematologic tumors.

RESUMO Objetivo: Descrever as ações em saúde bucal frente ao câncer de boca promovidas pelas Equipes de Saúde da Atenção Básica do nordeste brasileiro. Métodos: Estudo descritivo e inferencial a partir de dados referentes à detecção, encaminhamento, registro, acompanhamento e documentos comprovatórios relacionados a estas ações relativos ao 1º e 2º Ciclo de Avaliação Externa do Programa de Melhoria do Acesso e da Qualidade da Atenção Básica. Os dados foram analisados pelos testes Qui-Quadrado e McNemar (?=0,05). Resultados: Foram avaliadas 5.559 e 7.700 equipes, respectivamente, nos 1º e 2º ciclos, sendo, a maior e menor concentração na Bahia/Maranhão e Bahia/Sergipe. 58,9%/79,7% das Equipes realizam campanhas para detecção de lesões bucais e encaminham os casos suspeitos de câncer de boca. Além disso, 43,9%/23% delas registram e acompanham os casos suspeitos/confirmados e apenas 20,7%/16,2% possuem documentos que comprovem esses registros, nos respectivos ciclos. Houve significância estatística nas comparações das ações e os ciclos de avaliação (p ? 0,01). Conclusão: As Equipes de Saúde na região nordeste necessitam melhorar as ações referentes à detecção, encaminhamento, registro, acompanhamento e documentos comprovatórios em saúde bucal frente ao câncer de boca.

ABSTRACT Objective: To describe oral health actions against oral cancer promoted by Primary Health Care Teams in northeastern Brazil. Methods: This is a descriptive and inferential study based on data related to detection, referral, registration, follow-up and documents related to these actions in the External Evaluation of the 1st and 2nd Program for Improving Access and Quality of Primary Care Cycles. Results: Overall, 5,599 and 7,700 teams were evaluated, respectively, in the first and second cycles, with the highest and lowest concentrations in the states of Bahia / Maranhão and Bahia / Sergipe. In all, 58.9% / 79.7% Health Teams conducted campaigns to detect oral lesions and referred suspected cases of oral cancer, and 43.9% / 23% of them recorded and followed suspicious / confirmed cases and only 20.7% / 16.2% had documents proving these records in the respective cycles. There was statistical significance in the comparisons of actions and the evaluation cycles (p ? 0.01). Conclusion: Health teams in northeastern Brazil need to improve actions related to detection, referral, registration, follow-up and verification of oral health documents related to oral cancer.

RESUMO Objetivo: o objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a prevalência e colonização de Candida na cavidade oral de indivíduos pediátricos com leucemia linfocítica aguda (LLA) e sua susceptibilidade/resistência à nistatina e à anfotericina B. Métodos: estudo transversal observacional com abordagem descritiva e analítica. A saliva foi coletada de 40 indivíduos diagnosticados com LLA e de 40 indivíduos saudáveis, como grupo comparativo, combinados por idade e sexo com o grupo LLA. A idade média para ambos os grupos foi de 8 anos de idade. O isolamento e a identificação das espécies de Candida foram realizados utilizando o CHROMagarCandidaTM e confirmados pela reação em cadeia da polimerase. As amostras foram submetidas a susceptibilidade antifúngica por meio de ensaio de microdiluição para nistatina e anfotericina B. As alterações salivares e a mucosite oral induzida por quimioterapia foram avaliadas utilizando o Guia de avaliação modificada. Resultados: A positividade para Candida foi superior aos indivíduos in situ (32,5%, 13/40) do que em um grupo comparativo (2,5%, 1/40) (p <0,001). Candida albicans foi a cepa mais prevalente (86,6%). A mucosite foi diretamente associada à colonização positive por Candida (p = 0,017) no grupo LLA, mas não relacionada com alterações salivares (p = 0,479). Seis estirpes de C. albicans (54,5%), no grupo LLA, eram resistentes à nistatina e todas as cepas não eram suscetíveis à anfotericina B. Conclusão: A colonização por Candida foi associada à condição LLA e à mucosite oral nesses indivíduos. C. albicans era a cepa predominante e a maioria das amostras eram resistentes aos agentes antifúngicos testados, nistatina e anfotericina B.

ABSTRACT Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of Candida colonizationon oral cavity of pediatric individuals with acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) and its susceptibility/resistance to nystatin and amphotericin B. Methods: This was a cross sectional study with observational, descriptive and analytic approach. Saliva was collected from40 individuals diagnosed with ALL and from40 healthy subjects, as a comparative group, matched by age and gender with ALL group. The mean age for both groups were 8 years-old. The isolation and identification of the Candidaspecies were performed using the CHROMagarCandidaTM and confirmed by polymerase chain reaction. The samples were subjected to antifungal susceptibility by microdilution assay for nystatin and amphotericin B. Salivary alterations and chemotherapy-induced oralmucositis were evaluated using modifiedOral Assessment Guide. Results: The positivity to Candida was higher inALL individuals (32.5%,13/40)than in a comparative group(2.5%, 1/40) (p<0.001). Candida albicans was the most prevalent strain (86.6%). The mucositis was directly associated with positive Candidacolonization (p=0.017) in the ALL group but not related with salivary alterations (p= 0.479). Six strains of C. albicans (54.5%), on ALL group, were resistant to nystatin and all strains were not susceptible to amphotericin B. Conclusion: Candida colonization was associated with ALL condition and with oral mucositis in these individuals. C. albicans was the prevalent strain and most samples were resistant to antifungal agents tested, nystatin and amphotericin B.

Resumo Introdução Fios de suturas com antimicrobianos são uma alternativa terapêutica para o controle de infecções orais. Objetivo Incorporar Clorexidina (CHX) e Cinamaldeído (CN) em fios de sutura e avaliar o efeito anti-Candida, liberação de antimicrobianos e as propriedades mecânicas. Material e método Fios de Seda (S) e Poliglactina 910 (P) foram seccionadas assepticamente (20 mm) e imersos para incorporação em CHX a 0,12%, CN a 0,4% e solução fisiológica a 0,9% sob agitação por 60 minutos (n = 10 / grupo). Suspensões de 500 μL de Candida albicans (ATCC 90028/1 × 106 UFC / mL) foram utilizadas para avaliar a aderência fúngica após o período de 48 horas a 37 ° C. A liberação de CLX e CN foi avaliada em 0, 24 e 48 horas (n = 3 / grupo) por espectrofotômetro UV-VIS (275 nm). A resistência à tração e o deslocamento (n = 5 / grupo) foram avaliados após a incorporação (30 mm / min, 50N). Os dados foram analisados por Anova e Tukey (α = 5%). Resultado Não foi observado efeito anti-Candida nas suturas S e P incorporadas com CLX e CN (p> 0,05). No entanto, a liberação progressiva foi verificada até 48 após o tratamento com CLX (S = 0,075 / P = 0,073 μg / mL) e CN (S = 35,33 / P= 5,72 μg / mL). Houve uma diminuição na resistência à tração em S (CLX = 9,9 / CN = 9,9 N) e P (CLX = 14,4 / CN = 15,5 N) (p <0,05). Não foram observadas diferenças para o deslocamento para S (CLX = 19,3 / CN=20,7 mm) e P (CLX = 16,2 /CN= 15,8 mm) (p> 0,05). Conclusão A incorporação de CLX e CN não teve efeito positivo sobre as propriedades biológicas e mecânicas das suturas avaliadas.

Abstract Introduction Antimicrobial sutures are a therapeutic alternative for the control of oral infections. Objective Incorporate Chlorhexidine (CHX) and Cinnamaldehyde (CN) in sutures and evaluate the anti-Candida effect, release of antimicrobials and mechanical properties. Material and method Silk (S) and Polyglactin 910 (P) sutures were aseptically sectioned (20 mm) and immersed for incorporation in 0.12% CHX, 0.4% CN and 0.9% saline solutions under stirring for 60 minutes (n = 10 / group). Suspensions of 500 μL of Candida albicans (ATCC 90028/ 1 × 106 CFU/mL) were used to evaluate fungal adhesion after the 48 h period at 37°C. The release of CLX and CN were evaluated at 0, 24 and 48 hours (n=3/group) by UV-VIS spectrophotometer (275 nm). The tensile strength and displacement (n=5/group) were evaluated after incorporation (30 mm/min, 50N). Data were analyzed by Anova and Tukey (α = 5%). Result No anti-Candida effect was observed on S and P sutures incorporated with CLX and CN (p>0.05). However, progressive release was verified up to 48 after treatment with CLX (S = 0.075 / P = 0.073 μg/mL) and CN (S = 35.33 /P= 5.72 μg/mL). There was a decrease in tensile strength in S (CLX = 9.9 / CN = 9.9 N) and P (CLX = 14.4 / CN = 15.5 N) (p<0.05). No differences were observed for the displacement for S (CLX = 19.3 / CN=20.7 mm) and P (CLX = 16.2 / CN=15.8 mm) (p>0.05). Conclusion The incorporation of CLX and CN did not have a positive effect on the biological and mechanical properties of the sutures evaluated.